On May 25, 1973 assumes the presidency Argentina Héctor J. Campora through elections proposed by General Alejandro Lanusse, who thus fulfilled his promise, offer a democratic solution to their own de facto government. Nearly a month later, on June 20, there is a return of Juan Domingo Peron in Argentina. However, in its turn, in Ezeiza, there is a slaughter among different branches of Peronism: the so-called Montoneros, closest to the left of Peronism and the top right of the CGT in the clashes that there are many victims and injured. A month after that episode, Campora resignation and assumed the presidency temporarily Raúl lastri, until September is a new election and Perón - Perón get 62% of the vote. This will produce the return of Peron to the government, becoming his third term. Although it would last only one year since the July 1, 1974 Perón dies and replaces the vice president, his wife, Isabel Peron. The political climate had in Argentina was very different because on one hand the people sang: "go, leave and never return" in allusion to the departure of the military from power and the assumption of the presidency Hector Campora , which meant a return to democracy and political stability. But then again, it was divided Peronist factions in above that were willing to do anything to gain control of the game. Joined in 1973 formed the Anti-Communist Alliance Argentina, more commonly known as triple A. A right-wing paramilitary group that carried out a large number of attacks against politicians and leftist guerrillas. From various investigations years after it was discovered that the organization was led by José López Rega, Perón's private secretary and minister of Social Welfare, and that is why the Triple A was funded by the government because funds are diverted Ministry of Social Welfare. Although there is no clear certainty that Perón knew of the Financing, there are indications that allow said that due to the characteristics of Juan Domingo, the topic of Triple A could not be alien to him.
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In a classified document, published in the book López Rega, the biography, the national leadership of the Peronist Party in order to "attack the enemy on all fronts and with the greatest determination." And he listed a series of items for the Suppression: intelligence ("will create an intelligence service of this struggle"), means of fighting ("be used all that are considered efficient, in every place and chance"). And also summon officials to use "all elements available to the State prevent the enemy's plans to suppress it with all rigor. "began to circulate instructions on 1 October 1973, just days after Montoneros killed the head of the CGT José Ignacio Rucci.
The political climate was more closer to war than any other big name because there were terrorist acts, assassinations, kidnappings, threats never before seen in a democratic government, spread to different authors: montoneros and triple A in order to demonstrate that organization had stronger in Argentina is not nothing like the old days of Peronism.
Perón's plan for the country settled on three bases: - an agreement democratic political forces - a social pact to the big corporations - more centralized leadership of the movement (try to avoid the various factions) The democratic agreement, which is more related to politics formally worked up to a point and did not allow an efficient opposition.
After Peron's death, to take Isabel Martinez de Peron in his place, his government had the following objectives:
- Ending subversion with the intervention of civilian paramilitary groups who were known as the Triple A . - Eliminate the advance on the left in the country.
was considered one of the areas where there was infiltration of leftist tendencies in education was therefore decided to replace the Minister of Education by Dr. Oscar Ivanissevich and was appointed as rector of the University of Buenos Aires to Alberto Ottalagano, responsible for carrying out a reform that would end alleged infiltration. Also on the other hand were placed federal interventions in the provinces of Salta, Santa Cruz and Mendoza. It also participated in TV channels as well as in books.
Following the intense political climate that existed in Argentina and clashes internos, la presidenta del país decide firmar un decreto en el año 1975 en el cuál da comienzo a la operación independencia. El cual faculta al ejército militar para intervenir en la provincia de Tucumán para combatir a la guerrilla local y a militantes del ERP (ejército revolucionario del pueblo).
Disponiendo que el comando general del Ejército procederá a ejecutar todas las operaciones militares que sean necesarias a efectos de neutralizar y/o aniquilar el accionar de los elementos subversivos que actúan en la provincia de Tucumán (decreto del Poder Ejecutivo Nacional 261/1975).
Isabel toma una licencia en el mes de Septiembre, dejando en el cargo al presidente de la cámara de Senadores, Italo Luder decide independently to apply the operation to the rest of the country, ie, leaving the army to intervene in the Argentine territory to subversive acts. The continued presence of the army, led to a coup d'etat the constitutional government of Isabel, who refused to give in to pressure from several military leaders, despite moves to advance the presidential elections in late 1976, in the same year, 24 March comes the coup, and Isabel Peron was arrested. The board of commanders in chief, Integraded by Jorge Rafael Videla, Admiral Emilio Eduardo Massera and Brigadier Ramón Orlando Agosti was dictated by the power and legal instruments the so-called National Reorganization Process and designated as National President General Videla.
The political climate had become unbearable, Peronism was divided and the fighting did not cease, even the clashes became more violent and recurring after death of party leader, Juan Domingo Peron. Apart from that formed the Anti-Communist Alliance Argentina, the triple A, that was the complicity of the government, which diverted funds from the Ministry of Social Welfare to act, repression, torture, kidnapping and murdering thousands of disappeared during the Isabel Perón.Sin but the crisis worsened at the start of Operation Independence and which authorized military intervention, first in Tucuman and then throughout the country. The climate in which they lived, was inevitable return to a de facto government that would "restore order" in the country. What became more bloody and violent dictatorship in the history of our country: Process of National Reorganization.
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