Saturday, April 26, 2008

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fractures and neurological disorders


FRACTURES


Concept.

production mechanism.
Classes. Symptoms
.
sprain.
dislocation.



Treatment:
1. Prevent the accident right moves.
2. Freeze (shingles), always taking two joints.
3. NEVER reduce a fracture. Do not touch.



• As freeze:
A fixed asset is practical in order to prevent any movement in the area of \u200b\u200bthe injured area and prevent, aggravating existing injuries. To freeze, get calm pain, reduce the risk of shock, and reduce the possibility of occurrence of new lesions.

are basically used two techniques to immobilize a suspected fracture:

A. One more way is to use the body as a support for immobilization, with the help of tissue in the form of bandages.
B. Another procedure is more complicated, requiring the use of rigid elements or splints, and support of the grounding, can serve rolled newspapers or magazines, shingles, cardboard tubes, umbrella, or rigid support that we are able to improvise



DISORDERS NEUROLOGICAL

· Disorders of consciousness.
1. Fainting.
2. Syncope.
3. Coma.

1. Fainting.
Mild form of syncope. Also called tides. It is caused by decreased cerebral blood volume and thus less O2 supply to brain cells, causing the anoxia in the brain among other symptoms:

- Hypotension.
- Bradycardia.
- Sweat.
- Nausea. Causes

. Symptoms
.

· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Withdraw curious about the victim.
2. Loosen clothing.
3. Raise legs to help the return of blood to vital organs.
4. Maintain good ventilation of the patient.
5. Recovery position.
6. Small external stimuli shoulders, cheeks, etc. (Pinching).

2. Syncope.
can be defined as a sudden loss of consciousness, but in general, including an almost total decline of consciousness or the feeling that such a reduction is imminent.
Recovery is usually rapid. Follow notes. Causes

. Symptoms and signs


· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Place the patient supine.
2. Elevation of the lower limbs.

differential diagnosis.


3. Coma. Abolition
alertness.
is a state in which the victim is unresponsive to external stimuli (verbal, tactile) can not awaken. It keeps the pulse and breathing

Symptoms. Types
coma.


· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Rapid transfer to a trauma center.
2. Recovery position.
3. Never give anything by mouth.
· Danger
IN WATER The water should take the following precautions:
1. Find a place where it is not dangerous for swimming (flags, etc.).
2. Do not swim near dams, bridges, jetties, where there may be common.
3. Do not dive into the water never know unless which has at least 2 meters deep.
4. No climbing barefoot on the rocks. You can cut the feet on stones, shells, sea urchins, etc.
5. Open water swimming is better parallel to the shore than offshore.
6. Do not walk on water by jumping from rock to rock or sand bars and not explore caves, you can isolate the tide.

· Rescue of people in the water.
Only a very expert in first aid should be launched to rescue someone who is drowning. The panic of a drowning person when you can have both drowned.

1. Victim near the shore:
Lie over and hold on to something safe in the bank. Grab the victim wrist (do not let it catch you you), or grab an object to which you can grab the two.

2. Victim away from the shore:
Throw a rope or anything that floats (belt, jacket, beach ball, or a table), do not throw directly to the victim do it at a distance that you can achieve. An object attached to a rope is the best system.

3. Victims away from the shore in shallow water:
Make a human chain. The person closest to the shore is subject to a secure object, while others cling to the dolls looking in opposite directions until someone can reach the victim or throw a floating object.

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