Special situations (survival) SPECIAL SITUATIONS 1. Fire.
2. Natural disasters.
1. Fire. fire can spread very quickly, sometimes faster than you can run, especially if it is windy. Note that address ranges.
not run blindly looking for a way out into the open.
· Escape from fire.
a. Try to reach the nearest place with water, and if you can swim waiting to go off. B.
If there is water nearby, make a small hole behind a rock and lie face down as straight as possible, cover your body with clothes, plants, and land. (This option is only recommended their dangerousness used in very extreme cases). C.
If you're in front of the fire and you can see a wide path where there are only a few flames, cover your body all you can, breathe deeply and run as fast as you can. D.
If you burn your clothes, surround yourself with what you have in hand, leave the head out and turns on the floor
2. Natural disasters.
a. Lightning: Find shelter in a grove (trees prevents too high), or in the middle of a level field, crouch on the floor, lie under the mat or to cover your canvas tent. B.
Strong winds: Never walk the slopes of the mountains. If suddenly gets windy clothes in his pants and lie on the floor with your backpack in front. C.
Floods: Avoid camping near a river flood warning if there is up to the highest parts. If the water creeps you hold on to some floating object, get up and use it as a raft and paddle using your hands or a piece of wood. D.
Shifting sands and swamps: See if there is quicksand in the beds of rivers, especially in estuaries and on beaches. If you are involved in them lie down on the floor as straight as possible, only if you fight you will sink. Put the bag under you. Wheel and rotate until your feet are free, after walk.
fractures and neurological disorders FRACTURES
Concept.
production mechanism.
Classes. Symptoms
.
sprain.
dislocation.
Treatment:
1. Prevent the accident right moves.
2. Freeze (shingles), always taking two joints.
3. NEVER reduce a fracture. Do not touch.
• As freeze:
A fixed asset is practical in order to prevent any movement in the area of \u200b\u200bthe injured area and prevent, aggravating existing injuries. To freeze, get calm pain, reduce the risk of shock, and reduce the possibility of occurrence of new lesions.
are basically used two techniques to immobilize a suspected fracture:
A. One more way is to use the body as a support for immobilization, with the help of tissue in the form of bandages.
B. Another procedure is more complicated, requiring the use of rigid elements or splints, and support of the grounding, can serve rolled newspapers or magazines, shingles, cardboard tubes, umbrella, or rigid support that we are able to improvise
DISORDERS NEUROLOGICAL
· Disorders of consciousness.
1. Fainting.
2. Syncope.
3. Coma.
1. Fainting.
Mild form of syncope. Also called tides. It is caused by decreased cerebral blood volume and thus less O2 supply to brain cells, causing the anoxia in the brain among other symptoms:
- Hypotension.
- Bradycardia.
- Sweat.
- Nausea. Causes
. Symptoms
.
· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Withdraw curious about the victim.
2. Loosen clothing.
3. Raise legs to help the return of blood to vital organs.
4. Maintain good ventilation of the patient.
5. Recovery position.
6. Small external stimuli shoulders, cheeks, etc. (Pinching).
2. Syncope.
can be defined as a sudden loss of consciousness, but in general, including an almost total decline of consciousness or the feeling that such a reduction is imminent.
Recovery is usually rapid. Follow notes. Causes
. Symptoms and signs
· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Place the patient supine.
2. Elevation of the lower limbs.
differential diagnosis.
3. Coma. Abolition
alertness.
is a state in which the victim is unresponsive to external stimuli (verbal, tactile) can not awaken. It keeps the pulse and breathing
Symptoms. Types
coma.
· Performance of the lifeguard.
1. Rapid transfer to a trauma center.
2. Recovery position.
3. Never give anything by mouth.
· Danger
IN WATER The water should take the following precautions:
1. Find a place where it is not dangerous for swimming (flags, etc.).
2. Do not swim near dams, bridges, jetties, where there may be common.
3. Do not dive into the water never know unless which has at least 2 meters deep.
4. No climbing barefoot on the rocks. You can cut the feet on stones, shells, sea urchins, etc.
5. Open water swimming is better parallel to the shore than offshore.
6. Do not walk on water by jumping from rock to rock or sand bars and not explore caves, you can isolate the tide.
· Rescue of people in the water.
Only a very expert in first aid should be launched to rescue someone who is drowning. The panic of a drowning person when you can have both drowned.
1. Victim near the shore:
Lie over and hold on to something safe in the bank. Grab the victim wrist (do not let it catch you you), or grab an object to which you can grab the two.
2. Victim away from the shore:
Throw a rope or anything that floats (belt, jacket, beach ball, or a table), do not throw directly to the victim do it at a distance that you can achieve. An object attached to a rope is the best system.
3. Victims away from the shore in shallow water:
Make a human chain. The person closest to the shore is subject to a secure object, while others cling to the dolls looking in opposite directions until someone can reach the victim or throw a floating object.
